A portfolio-scale physical-climate risk screen for a Ghanaian lender — every asset pinned and scored across flood, coastal, heat, riparian, land and drought hazards, ranked by vulnerability, concentrated geographically, and translated into a collateral-haircut and climate-ECL overlay with scenario horizons — structured for the Bank of Ghana Climate-Related Financial Risk Directive, the Ghana Sustainable Banking Principles and IFRS S2 / TCFD.
⚑ Wholly synthetic nationwide demonstration book. Public institution name used only as a navigation label; no bank or borrower data is represented.
This report screens OmniBSIC Bank Ghana LTD — 2026 H1 for OmniBSIC Bank Ghana LTD against physical-climate & environmental hazards, ranks every asset by vulnerability, maps the geographic concentration of risk, and translates the exposure into a collateral-haircut and climate-adjusted Expected-Credit-Loss (ECL) overlay — structured as evidence for the Bank of Ghana Climate-Related Financial Risk Directive and IFRS S2 / TCFD.
○ Screening data: built-in analyser — Ghana location model, instant, offline, zero-load default. Add the live engine overlay (SafeGround + FloodGuard) for engine-backed flood, riparian, coastal and land layers.
Vulnerability is a weighted composite of flood, coastal, heat, riparian, land and drought hazards (weights in §Methodology). Bands: Low <25, Moderate 25–50, High 50–75, Critical ≥75 (of 100).
117 assets pinned by vulnerability band. Low Moderate High Critical · switch to Satellite/Hybrid (top-right) to see building footprints.
Where the book — and its high-risk exposure — clusters.
| Region / cluster | Assets | Exposure | % High+ risk | High+ exposure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Greater Accra | 20 | GHS 15.83M | 13% | GHS 2.12M |
| Volta | 22 | GHS 8.47M | 0% | GHS 0 |
| Ashanti | 14 | GHS 7.14M | 39% | GHS 2.82M |
| Western | 9 | GHS 6.48M | 3% | GHS 202k |
| Central | 10 | GHS 5.91M | 50% | GHS 2.97M |
| Eastern | 8 | GHS 4.54M | 0% | GHS 0 |
| Bono | 7 | GHS 4.54M | 0% | GHS 0 |
| Bono East | 5 | GHS 2.31M | 0% | GHS 0 |
| Western North | 5 | GHS 1.59M | 0% | GHS 0 |
| Ahafo | 4 | GHS 1.07M | 0% | GHS 0 |
| Oti | 3 | GHS 758k | 0% | GHS 0 |
| Upper East | 2 | GHS 751k | 100% | GHS 751k |
| North East | 3 | GHS 731k | 100% | GHS 731k |
| Savannah | 3 | GHS 524k | 0% | GHS 0 |
| Upper West | 2 | GHS 437k | 100% | GHS 437k |
Two lenses. CONCENTRATION shows where High+ risk clusters (can be legitimate geography). PROPORTIONALITY flags localities repriced HARDER than their measured risk warrants (repricing intensity ≥ 1.5× the system's) — the actual disparate-impact question. Every high-risk asset routes to adaptation structuring (never a location denial); price-based exclusion remains the bank's market-conduct responsibility.
1 locality repriced disproportionately to measured risk (repricing intensity ≥ 1.5× the book's 21.76 average) — the disparate-impact signal to review. 1 locality(ies) also show concentrated High+ risk (≥ 50%).
| Locality | Assets | Exposure | High+ rate | Mean repricing | Repricing intensity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cape Coast ⚠ repriced above risk | 10 | GHS 5.91M | 50% | 16.6% | 33.16 |
| Aboabo (small sample) | 4 | GHS 1.14M | 100% | 13.6% | 13.55 |
| Wa (small sample) | 2 | GHS 437k | 100% | 0.4% | 0.40 |
| Nalerigu (small sample) | 3 | GHS 731k | 100% | 0.4% | 0.37 |
| Odawna (small sample) | 7 | GHS 2.12M | 100% | 17.9% | 17.93 |
| Bolgatanga (small sample) | 2 | GHS 751k | 100% | 5.2% | 5.20 |
| Kumasi | 10 | GHS 6.00M | 40% | 11.0% | 27.60 |
| Takoradi (small sample) | 9 | GHS 6.48M | 11% | 12.3% | 110.90 |
| Keta | 16 | GHS 5.68M | 0% | 0.4% | — |
| Koforidua (small sample) | 8 | GHS 4.54M | 0% | 0.4% | — |
| Tema (small sample) | 8 | GHS 7.87M | 0% | 0.8% | — |
| Sunyani (small sample) | 7 | GHS 4.54M | 0% | 0.4% | — |
Number of assets at High or Critical for each hazard. An asset exposed to several hazards is counted under each, so these counts (and the per-hazard exposures elsewhere) can overlap and sum above the portfolio total — they are not a partition.
Two channels, kept separate. (1) Physical damage — an Average Annual Loss (AAL) per hazard from a depth-damage × frequency proxy: GHS 725k/yr of expected (mostly uninsured) damage. (2) Market repricing — a forward collateral devaluation that raises stressed LTV and loss-given-default, driving GHS 7.68M of potential collateral shortfall and an GHS 92k/yr indicative climate ECL uplift. A single severe event in Ashanti could cause GHS 891k of correlated, simultaneous loss.
⚠ Indicative annual marginal overlay — not a lifetime/12-month staged IFRS 9 ECL, not a valuation, not the bank's PD/LGD model. All parameters (AAL, repricing, downturn LGD, PD, ~90% uninsured) are illustrative and exposed for calibration — see §Methodology and the gap register.
| Asset | Locality | Band | Exposure | LTV | AAL/yr | Repricing | Str. LTV | LGD | Shortfall | ECL+/yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RFI15-00097 | East Legon | Moderate | GHS 2.99M | 53% | 0.1% | 0% | 53% | 5% | GHS 0 | GHS 5 |
| RFI15-00016 | Cape Coast | High | GHS 1.13M | 67% | 4.2% | 19% | 83% | 26% | GHS 299k | GHS 6k |
| RFI15-00016-N206 | Cape Coast | High | GHS 1.13M | 67% | 4.2% | 19% | 83% | 26% | GHS 299k | GHS 6k |
| RFI15-00005 | Takoradi | Moderate | GHS 1.35M | 57% | 3.8% | 17% | 69% | 9% | GHS 120k | GHS 1k |
| RFI15-00094 | Takoradi | Moderate | GHS 1.06M | 56% | 4.0% | 16% | 66% | 6% | GHS 62k | GHS 186 |
| RFI15-00067 | Kumasi | Moderate | GHS 1.04M | 68% | 2.6% | 13% | 78% | 19% | GHS 197k | GHS 3k |
| RFI15-00058 | Kumasi | Moderate | GHS 1.07M | 89% | 2.3% | 11% | 100% | 37% | GHS 393k | GHS 5k |
| RFI15-00034 | Bolgatanga | Critical | GHS 649k | 80% | 1.1% | 6% | 84% | 20% | GHS 128k | GHS 2k |
| RFI15-00078 | Kumasi | High | GHS 863k | 89% | 2.8% | 14% | 104% | 41% | GHS 351k | GHS 5k |
| RFI15-00064 | Takoradi | Moderate | GHS 1.25M | 83% | 1.2% | 6% | 88% | 24% | GHS 302k | GHS 4k |
| RFI15-00010 | Tema | Moderate | GHS 1.50M | 77% | 0.1% | 0% | 77% | 5% | GHS 66k | GHS 2 |
| RFI15-00010-N204 | Tema | Moderate | GHS 1.50M | 77% | 0.1% | 0% | 77% | 5% | GHS 66k | GHS 2 |
Top 12 by exposure × vulnerability. Full per-asset detail is in the CSV export.
How the share of exposure at High+ risk migrates over time under SSP2-4.5 — Middle of the road. Each hazard is intensified by an AR6-grounded factor (Rx1day rainfall, hot-day count, consecutive dry days, sea-level rise) and applied to today's score with a bounded saturating projection — a screening estimate, not a downscaled climate forecast. The interactive dashboard lets the user switch between the SSP1-2.6 / SSP2-4.5 / SSP5-8.5 pathways and 2030–2100, and pull any single asset through all three.
| Horizon | % exposure High+ | High+ exposure | Critical assets | Climate ECL uplift |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today | 16% | GHS 10.03M | 8 | GHS 92k |
| 2030 | 27% | GHS 16.75M | 8 | GHS 98k |
| 2050 | 45% | GHS 27.51M | 11 | GHS 104k |
Top 30 by exposure × vulnerability, with hazard fingerprint, data-confidence flag and the priority action. Hazard chips: Flood Coastal / sea-level Extreme heat Riparian proximity Land / contamination Drought / water stress.
| Asset | Property | Vuln. | Hazards | Conf. | Exposure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RFI15-00097 | GT-946-4628, East Legon Residential · Greater Accra |
Moderate 30 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 2.99M |
| Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality. | |||||
| RFI15-00016 | CE-318-4735, Cape Coast Residential · Central |
High 55 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.13M |
| Priority actionCoastal erosion / sea-level exposure: obtain shoreline-setback confirmation and a coastal-defence statement; treat as elevated collateral risk on long-tenor loans. | |||||
| RFI15-00016-N206 | CE-318-4735, Cape Coast Residential · Central |
High 55 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.13M |
| Priority actionCoastal erosion / sea-level exposure: obtain shoreline-setback confirmation and a coastal-defence statement; treat as elevated collateral risk on long-tenor loans. | |||||
| RFI15-00005 | WS-448-9123, Takoradi Apartment · Western |
Moderate 46 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.35M |
| Priority actionCoastal erosion / sea-level exposure: obtain shoreline-setback confirmation and a coastal-defence statement; treat as elevated collateral risk on long-tenor loans. | |||||
| RFI15-00094 | WS-468-7403, Takoradi Commercial · Western |
Moderate 48 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.06M |
| Priority actionCoastal erosion / sea-level exposure: obtain shoreline-setback confirmation and a coastal-defence statement; treat as elevated collateral risk on long-tenor loans. | |||||
| RFI15-00067 | AS-390-2960, Kumasi Residential · Ashanti |
Moderate 47 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.04M |
| Priority actionFlood exposure here is largely PLUVIAL (rainfall / urban-drainage driven) and is substantially MITIGABLE — this asset need not stay in the high-flood band if drainage is built and maintained. Make engineered, maintained drainage a condition of the facility: correctly sized culverts/gutters, soakaways / SuDS, a raised plinth and finished-floor elevation, plus a desilting & maintenance covenant. Verified drainage works can move the asset out of the high-flood band and protect the collateral — finance them as a green-retrofit loan. Confirm flood insurance in the interim. | |||||
| RFI15-00058 | AS-953-2660, Kumasi Residential · Ashanti |
Moderate 46 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.07M |
| Priority actionFlood exposure here is largely PLUVIAL (rainfall / urban-drainage driven) and is substantially MITIGABLE — this asset need not stay in the high-flood band if drainage is built and maintained. Make engineered, maintained drainage a condition of the facility: correctly sized culverts/gutters, soakaways / SuDS, a raised plinth and finished-floor elevation, plus a desilting & maintenance covenant. Verified drainage works can move the asset out of the high-flood band and protect the collateral — finance them as a green-retrofit loan. Confirm flood insurance in the interim. | |||||
| RFI15-00034 | UB-311-4185, Bolgatanga Residential · Upper East |
Critical 75 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 649k |
| Priority actionExtreme-heat exposure: building habitability/operating-cost risk — recommend passive-cooling / cool-roof / shading retrofit (green-loan candidate). | |||||
| RFI15-00078 | AS-659-4573, Kumasi Residential · Ashanti |
High 55 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 863k |
| Priority actionFlood exposure here is largely PLUVIAL (rainfall / urban-drainage driven) and is substantially MITIGABLE — this asset need not stay in the high-flood band if drainage is built and maintained. Make engineered, maintained drainage a condition of the facility: correctly sized culverts/gutters, soakaways / SuDS, a raised plinth and finished-floor elevation, plus a desilting & maintenance covenant. Verified drainage works can move the asset out of the high-flood band and protect the collateral — finance them as a green-retrofit loan. Confirm flood insurance in the interim. | |||||
| RFI15-00064 | WS-282-4036, Takoradi Residential · Western |
Moderate 37 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.25M |
| Priority actionWithin the coastal zone: monitor shoreline change at renewal. | |||||
| RFI15-00010 | GD-412-7156, Tema Residential · Greater Accra |
Moderate 30 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.50M |
| Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality. | |||||
| RFI15-00010-N204 | GD-412-7156, Tema Residential · Greater Accra |
Moderate 30 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.50M |
| Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality. | |||||
| RFI15-00013 | WS-833-4878, Takoradi Commercial · Western |
Moderate 36 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.22M |
| Priority actionWithin the coastal zone: monitor shoreline change at renewal. | |||||
| RFI15-00077 | GZ-350-4679, Tema Mixed-use · Greater Accra |
Moderate 36 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.15M |
| Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality. | |||||
| RFI15-00088 | GT-294-9437, Odawna Residential · Greater Accra |
Critical 75 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 541k |
| Priority actionFlood exposure here is largely PLUVIAL (rainfall / urban-drainage driven) and is substantially MITIGABLE — this asset need not stay in the high-flood band if drainage is built and maintained. Make engineered, maintained drainage a condition of the facility: correctly sized culverts/gutters, soakaways / SuDS, a raised plinth and finished-floor elevation, plus a desilting & maintenance covenant. Verified drainage works can move the asset out of the high-flood band and protect the collateral — finance them as a green-retrofit loan. Confirm flood insurance in the interim. | |||||
| RFI15-00055 | GS-304-7571, Odawna Residential · Greater Accra |
High 64 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 622k |
| Priority actionFlood exposure here is largely PLUVIAL (rainfall / urban-drainage driven) and is substantially MITIGABLE — this asset need not stay in the high-flood band if drainage is built and maintained. Make engineered, maintained drainage a condition of the facility: correctly sized culverts/gutters, soakaways / SuDS, a raised plinth and finished-floor elevation, plus a desilting & maintenance covenant. Verified drainage works can move the asset out of the high-flood band and protect the collateral — finance them as a green-retrofit loan. Confirm flood insurance in the interim. | |||||
| RFI15-00023 | AK-528-1802, Kumasi Residential · Ashanti |
Moderate 45 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 841k |
| Priority actionFlood exposure here is largely PLUVIAL (rainfall / urban-drainage driven) and is substantially MITIGABLE — this asset need not stay in the high-flood band if drainage is built and maintained. Make engineered, maintained drainage a condition of the facility: correctly sized culverts/gutters, soakaways / SuDS, a raised plinth and finished-floor elevation, plus a desilting & maintenance covenant. Verified drainage works can move the asset out of the high-flood band and protect the collateral — finance them as a green-retrofit loan. Confirm flood insurance in the interim. | |||||
| RFI15-00095 | GA-172-1448, Tema Residential · Greater Accra |
Moderate 31 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.22M |
| Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality. | |||||
| RFI15-00022 | WS-322-2840, Takoradi Residential · Western |
Moderate 47 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 759k |
| Priority actionCoastal erosion / sea-level exposure: obtain shoreline-setback confirmation and a coastal-defence statement; treat as elevated collateral risk on long-tenor loans. | |||||
| RFI15-00038 | AS-149-4249, Kumasi Apartment · Ashanti |
Moderate 36 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 928k |
| Priority actionModerate thermal stress: note cooling-cost sensitivity. | |||||
| RFI15-00041 | GE-142-0231, East Legon Mixed-use · Greater Accra |
Moderate 31 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.01M |
| Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality. | |||||
| RFI15-00003 | CC-530-8632, Cape Coast Residential · Central |
Moderate 30 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.02M |
| Priority actionSome pluvial-flood exposure: confirm plot drainage and gutter connection; flag for flood-cover at renewal. | |||||
| RFI15-00003-N202 | CC-530-8632, Cape Coast Residential · Central |
Moderate 30 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 1.02M |
| Priority actionSome pluvial-flood exposure: confirm plot drainage and gutter connection; flag for flood-cover at renewal. | |||||
| RFI15-00014 | BA-385-8211, Sunyani Apartment · Bono |
Moderate 33 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 870k |
| Priority actionExtreme-heat exposure: building habitability/operating-cost risk — recommend passive-cooling / cool-roof / shading retrofit (green-loan candidate). | |||||
| RFI15-00021 | EN-679-3668, Koforidua Residential · Eastern |
Moderate 30 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 947k |
| Priority actionModerate thermal stress: note cooling-cost sensitivity. | |||||
| RFI15-00032 | GA-957-7944, Techiman Commercial · Bono East |
Moderate 38 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 736k |
| Priority actionExtreme-heat exposure: building habitability/operating-cost risk — recommend passive-cooling / cool-roof / shading retrofit (green-loan candidate). | |||||
| RFI15-00007 | GZ-795-3012, Tema Residential · Greater Accra |
Moderate 29 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 941k |
| Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality. | |||||
| RFI15-00007-N203 | GZ-795-3012, Tema Residential · Greater Accra |
Moderate 29 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 941k |
| Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality. | |||||
| RFI15-00051 | AK-056-9650, Aboabo Residential · Ashanti |
High 61 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 447k |
| Priority actionFlood exposure here is largely PLUVIAL (rainfall / urban-drainage driven) and is substantially MITIGABLE — this asset need not stay in the high-flood band if drainage is built and maintained. Make engineered, maintained drainage a condition of the facility: correctly sized culverts/gutters, soakaways / SuDS, a raised plinth and finished-floor elevation, plus a desilting & maintenance covenant. Verified drainage works can move the asset out of the high-flood band and protect the collateral — finance them as a green-retrofit loan. Confirm flood insurance in the interim. | |||||
| RFI15-00087 | BA-825-8382, Sunyani Residential · Bono |
Moderate 32 | FlCoExRiLaDr | ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 | GHS 828k |
| Priority actionExtreme-heat exposure: building habitability/operating-cost risk — recommend passive-cooling / cool-roof / shading retrofit (green-loan candidate). | |||||
How this screen maps to the frameworks a Ghanaian bank must satisfy. Needs bank data / sign-off marks requirements that depend on the bank's own governance, models or disclosure — see the gap register (§8).
Regulatory basis (verified June 2026): the Bank of Ghana Climate-Related Financial Risk Directive was issued November 2024 (under Act 930 s.92(1) and related Acts) and is effective for banks from January 2026 (SDIs/NBFIs from January 2027); it requires disclosure aligned to IFRS S2 / ISSB. ICAG's IFRS S1/S2 roadmap (28 March 2024) is voluntary 2024–2026 and mandatory for Significant Public Interest Entities from 1 January 2027. Confirm the latest text against the BoG primary source before filing.
| Ref | Requirement | Topic | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governance | Board & senior-management oversight of climate-related financial risk | Governance | Needs bank data / sign-off | Bank governance |
| Risk Mgmt | Identify & assess climate physical-risk exposures across the portfolio | Risk management | Addressed (screening) | Portfolio screen |
| Risk Mgmt | Climate risk integrated into credit risk management & ECL | Risk management | Partial | Finance overlay (ECL) |
| Scenario | Forward-looking climate scenario analysis / stress testing | Scenario | Partial | Scenario projection |
| Disclosure | Disclosure of climate-related risks & portfolio exposure | Disclosure | Addressed (screening) | Portfolio report |
| Data | Data & methodology for climate-risk measurement, with quality flags | Data | Addressed (screening) | Confidence flags |
| Ref | Requirement | Topic | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1 | Environmental & social risk management in business decisions | E&S risk | Addressed (screening) | Portfolio screen |
| P2 | Manage the bank's own E&S footprint | Footprint | Needs bank data / sign-off | Bank operations |
| P3 | Protect human rights & vulnerable groups in lending (anti-redlining / just transition) | Social | Partial | Adaptation-first origination + land/community screen |
| P4 | Financial inclusion & women's economic empowerment | Inclusion | Needs bank data / sign-off | Bank strategy — out of scope of a physical-collateral screen |
| P5 | Promote green / climate-resilient finance & resource efficiency | Green finance | Addressed (screening) | Green/resilience-loan pipeline |
| P6 | Capacity building on sustainable finance | Capacity | Needs bank data / sign-off | Bank / sector programme — out of scope |
| P7 | Report & disclose sustainability performance | Reporting | Addressed (screening) | Portfolio report |
| SGN | Vulnerable-sector exposure per the Sector Guidance Notes (Construction & Real Estate) | Sector notes | Partial | Property book maps onto the Construction & Real Estate SGN |
| Ref | Requirement | Topic | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pillar 1 | ESG integration — physical-climate ESRM in the credit process | ESG integration | Addressed (screening) | Portfolio screen + origination |
| Pillar 2 | Climate-risk management — physical risk identified, measured, disclosed | Climate risk | Addressed (screening) | Portfolio screen + BoG return |
| Pillar 2 (nature) | Nature / biodiversity (TNFD) dependency & impact risk | Nature | Gap | Out of scope — physical climate only; Land hazard is a proximity screen, not a TNFD assessment |
| Pillar 3 | Financing sustainability — green / resilience-lending pipeline | Financing | Partial | Adaptation/green-loan candidate pipeline (pre-eligibility) |
| Ref | Requirement | Topic | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governance | Governance of climate-related risks & opportunities | Governance | Needs bank data / sign-off | Bank governance |
| Strategy | Physical-risk exposure of the lending book & its financial effects | Strategy | Addressed (screening) | Portfolio screen + finance overlay |
| Risk Mgmt | Processes to identify, assess & manage climate risk | Risk management | Partial | Portfolio screen |
| Metrics | Climate metrics: % of exposure at high physical risk; climate ECL | Metrics & targets | Addressed (screening) | Portfolio metrics |
| Resilience | Climate resilience under multiple scenarios / horizons | Strategy | Partial | Scenario projection |
| Ref | Requirement | Topic | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical | Acute & chronic physical-risk assessment under NGFS pathways | Physical risk | Partial | Scenario projection |
| Horizons | Short / medium / long horizon (2030 / 2050) exposure view | Horizons | Addressed (screening) | Scenario projection |
| Transmission | Transmission of physical risk to credit loss | Transmission | Partial | Finance overlay (ECL) |
| Ref | Requirement | Topic | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geocoding | Asset-level location data with quality scoring | Data quality | Addressed (screening) | Confidence flags |
| Coverage | Portfolio coverage & per-asset confidence flags | Data quality | Addressed (screening) | Confidence flags |
| Ref | Requirement | Topic | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scope 3 | Financed-emissions baseline for the real-estate book (cross-sell) | Emissions | Gap | Not yet in scope |
The figures a Ghanaian bank files under the BoG Climate-Related Financial Risk Directive — material risk + exposure to vulnerable segments. Parameter set: BoG baseline v1 (2026-06) [baseline] · seed screen · as of 2026-10-03. Headline: 16% of exposure at High+ risk; GHS 92k/yr climate ECL uplift; GHS 7.68M stressed collateral shortfall; largest single-event loss GHS 891k (Ashanti). Exportable as a filing CSV.
| Region | Exposure | High+ | % High+ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Greater Accra | GHS 15.83M | GHS 2.12M | 13% |
| Volta | GHS 8.47M | GHS 0 | 0% |
| Ashanti | GHS 7.14M | GHS 2.82M | 39% |
| Western | GHS 6.48M | GHS 202k | 3% |
| Central | GHS 5.91M | GHS 2.97M | 50% |
| Eastern | GHS 4.54M | GHS 0 | 0% |
| Bono | GHS 4.54M | GHS 0 | 0% |
| Bono East | GHS 2.31M | GHS 0 | 0% |
| Western North | GHS 1.59M | GHS 0 | 0% |
| Ahafo | GHS 1.07M | GHS 0 | 0% |
| Oti | GHS 758k | GHS 0 | 0% |
| Upper East | GHS 751k | GHS 751k | 100% |
| North East | GHS 731k | GHS 731k | 100% |
| Savannah | GHS 524k | GHS 0 | 0% |
| Upper West | GHS 437k | GHS 437k | 100% |
| Type | Exposure | High+ |
|---|---|---|
| Residential | GHS 40.43M | GHS 8.20M |
| Apartment | GHS 9.22M | GHS 1.47M |
| Commercial | GHS 8.78M | GHS 258k |
| Mixed-use | GHS 2.65M | GHS 102k |
6 of 12 items are reliance-blocking. PortfolioCheck is screening-grade triage that flags collateral for closer review — it complements the bank's credit process; it does not certify it.
| # | Area | What is required | Owner | Severity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| G01 | Property valuation | Climate haircuts are applied to an implied collateral value, not a surveyed valuation. The bank's valuation must confirm property values. | Bank credit / valuation | BLOCKING |
| G02 | PD / LGD models | ECL figures use illustrative default PD/LGD parameters. The bank must substitute its own IFRS 9 term-structure and recovery model. | Bank risk modelling | BLOCKING |
| G03 | Building-level resilience | Finished-floor elevation, flood defences and construction quality are not observed unless the bank records completed adaptation measures per asset; absent that, resilience is assumed unmitigated. | Survey / site inspection | BLOCKING |
| G04 | Adaptation evidence | Recorded adaptation measures that reduce an asset's risk are SELF-REPORTED until accepted by the supervisor; they receive no regulatory credit until taken in full once the bank holds evidence (site inspection / as-built / maintenance covenant). The bank must hold that evidence before relying on the reduced figures in a regulatory return. | Bank / site verification | BLOCKING |
| G05 | Insurance status | Whether each property carries valid flood/peril cover is a key loss mitigant and is not in the book; confirm per asset. | Bank / borrower records | BLOCKING |
| G06 | Governance & disclosure | Board oversight, the bank's own footprint and the formal disclosure statement are governance items this screen cannot produce. | Bank governance | BLOCKING |
| G07 | Scenario calibration | Forward views use IPCC AR6 SSP intensification factors applied with a bounded saturating map — screening estimates, not downscaled climate projections. Confirm the pathway and horizon assumptions before external disclosure. | Climate science / consultant | Advisory |
| G08 | Transition risk out of scope | This screen covers PHYSICAL climate risk only. The BoG Directive also requires transition risk (policy, carbon, stranded-asset) — material for a mortgage book mainly via energy-efficiency repricing; assess separately. | Bank / consultant | Advisory |
| G09 | Nature / biodiversity (TNFD) out of scope | This screen covers PHYSICAL CLIMATE risk only. Nature-related financial risk (TNFD dependencies & impacts) is deliberately out of scope; the Land hazard is a proximity screen (Ramsar/protected/contamination), NOT a nature dependency/impact assessment. Assess via a TNFD-aligned process. | Bank / consultant | Advisory |
| G10 | Social / inclusion & just transition | Financial-inclusion, gender and just-transition dimensions (SBP P3/P4; IFC SBFN) are out of scope of a physical-collateral screen. The tool's anti-redlining safeguard keeps credit flowing to exposed communities via a financeable fix (never a location denial), but inclusion is assessed by the bank. | Bank / SBP programme | Advisory |
| G11 | Price-based exclusion (market conduct) | The origination safeguard prevents a location DENIAL, but risk-based repricing/ECL can still price a poor flood-zone borrower out. Price-based exclusion is a market-CONDUCT matter the bank must govern (affordability, conduct rules); the tool flags it but does not cap pricing. | Bank market-conduct / BoG conduct | Advisory |
| G12 | Refer-resolution audit | A high-risk 'Refer for adaptation structuring' hands off to a credit officer who could still decline. The bank must LOG each refer's resolution (offer made / adaptation loan structured / declined-with-reason) and report the split so the anti-redlining safeguard is auditable, not just a suggestion. | Bank credit workflow | Advisory |
Vulnerability. Composite = 50% weighted hazard load (Flood 34% · Coastal / sea-level 18% · Extreme heat 16% · Riparian proximity 12% · Land / contamination 10% · Drought / water stress 10%) + 50% of the single worst hazard, so one extreme hazard that can impair the security is not averaged away (bands: Low <25 · Moderate 25–50 · High 50–75 · Critical ≥75). A single-peril severity floor completes the blend: a worst hazard ≥0.85 (e.g. an observed Sentinel-1 flood) floors the composite at Critical, and ≥0.70 at High, so a near-certain peril carries the asset even when the other hazards are low. Each hazard is scored 0–1 by the built-in analyser (Ghana location model) and, with the live engine overlay mode, overlaid with SafeGround (flood / river / coastal / land) and FloodGuard (flood susceptibility), FloodGuard felt-heat (ERA5) and NASA POWER rainfall climatology (drought / water-stress).
Hazard → money (two channels). (1) Physical damage — an Average Annual Loss (AAL) per hazard = max-AAL × score1.5 (building-collateral ceilings: flood 5%; financially supported coastal risk 5.5%). Riparian proximity is represented through flood to avoid double counting; heat, land and drought remain due-diligence scores without a standalone building-damage AAL until a case-specific impairment model is supplied. Hazard AALs are combined across hazards; damage is assumed mostly uninsured in Ghana (~90% assumed — penetration is very low, so the loss falls on the collateral). (2) Market repricing — a forward collateral devaluation = ~35% of the capitalised AAL (cap rate 9%) + an insurability premium, capped at 40%; this raises the stressed LTV. ECL = PD × LGD × EAD (indicative annual marginal): LGD from realisable collateral with a smooth downturn liquidation, floored at 5% (Basel-style, so no LTV kink); PD = 2% base, rising with negative equity (strategic default) and uninsured damage. Not a lifetime/12-month staged IFRS 9 ECL, not a valuation. The single-event figure is a correlated-tail proxy (one severe event hitting all High+ assets in a region at once). Data quality is flagged on the PCAF 1–5 scale (screening is never better than 3). Scenario multipliers are illustrative — anchor to IPCC AR6 SLR / NGFS before disclosure. All parameters are exposed for recalibration against the bank's own loss experience.
PortfolioCheck screens the institution's anonymised mortgage / property book on Ghana-resolution engines and returns a board- and BoG-Directive-ready report like this — with the collateral, LTV and climate-ECL overlay, scenario horizons and a green-loan origination shortlist. Your loan data can be screened on-premise so it never leaves the bank.
Review the methodology