PortfolioCheck · Institution risk report Climate & Environmental Risk — Property Portfolio Screen

First Atlantic Bank Limited

First Atlantic Bank Limited — 2026 H1 · 32 assets · generated 2026-08-11 · PortfolioCheck methodology — Dr. Minka Aduse-Poku

A portfolio-scale physical-climate risk screen for a Ghanaian lender — every asset pinned and scored across flood, coastal, heat, riparian, land and drought hazards, ranked by vulnerability, concentrated geographically, and translated into a collateral-haircut and climate-ECL overlay with scenario horizons — structured for the Bank of Ghana Climate-Related Financial Risk Directive, the Ghana Sustainable Banking Principles and IFRS S2 / TCFD.

⚑ Wholly synthetic nationwide demonstration book. Public institution name used only as a navigation label; no bank or borrower data is represented.

Executive summary

This report screens First Atlantic Bank Limited — 2026 H1 for First Atlantic Bank Limited against physical-climate & environmental hazards, ranks every asset by vulnerability, maps the geographic concentration of risk, and translates the exposure into a collateral-haircut and climate-adjusted Expected-Credit-Loss (ECL) overlay — structured as evidence for the Bank of Ghana Climate-Related Financial Risk Directive and IFRS S2 / TCFD.

○ Screening data: seed location model — instant, zero-load default. Run a live screen (SafeGround + FloodGuard) for engine-backed flood, riparian, coastal and land layers.

GHS 13.72Mtotal exposure · 32 assets
12%of exposure at High+ risk
GHS 1.54Mcollateral shortfall (stressed)
2assets under-collateralised
GHS 207klargest single-event loss · Greater Accra
GHS 73kannual physical damage (AAL)

Portfolio vulnerability distribution

Critical (0) High (7) Moderate (18) Low (7)

Vulnerability is a weighted composite of flood, coastal, heat, riparian, land and drought hazards (weights in §Methodology). Bands: Low <25, Moderate 25–50, High 50–75, Critical ≥75 (of 100).

1 · Portfolio risk map

32 assets pinned by vulnerability band. Low Moderate High Critical · switch to Satellite/Hybrid (top-right) to see building footprints.

2 · Geographic concentration of exposure

Where the book — and its high-risk exposure — clusters.

Region / clusterAssetsExposure % High+ riskHigh+ exposure
Greater Accra 10 GHS 8.82M
6% GHS 555k
Eastern 2 GHS 1.01M
0% GHS 0
Volta 4 GHS 837k
0% GHS 0
Bono East 3 GHS 695k
0% GHS 0
Western 2 GHS 539k
100% GHS 539k
Upper West 3 GHS 518k
0% GHS 0
North East 2 GHS 413k
100% GHS 413k
Savannah 1 GHS 288k
0% GHS 0
Central 2 GHS 226k
0% GHS 0
Ashanti 1 GHS 153k
100% GHS 153k
Bono 1 GHS 122k
0% GHS 0
Western North 1 GHS 96k
0% GHS 0

2b · Fairness & disparate-impact check (anti-redlining control)

Disparate-impact view: localities where High+ risk and repricing concentrate. A flagged locality is where risk-based outcomes could disproportionately affect a community — every high-risk asset routes to adaptation structuring (never a location denial), and price-based exclusion is the bank's market-conduct responsibility.

No locality is an outlier (book average High+ rate 22%).

LocalityAssetsExposure High+ rateMean repricing
Takoradi2GHS 539k100%20.4%
Odawna2GHS 555k100%16.6%
Nalerigu2GHS 413k100%0.4%
Kumasi1GHS 153k100%13.4%
Wa3GHS 518k0%0.3%
Sefwi Wiawso1GHS 96k0%0.4%
East Legon6GHS 7.35M0%0.4%
Tema2GHS 922k0%0.5%
Ho3GHS 713k0%0.4%
Koforidua2GHS 1.01M0%0.4%
Techiman3GHS 695k0%0.4%
Damongo1GHS 288k0%0.5%

3 · Hazard exposure across the book

Number of assets at High or Critical for each hazard. An asset exposed to several hazards is counted under each, so these counts (and the per-hazard exposures elsewhere) can overlap and sum above the portfolio total — they are not a partition.

Flood
3
9% of assets High+
Coastal / sea-level
4
12% of assets High+
Extreme heat
7
22% of assets High+
Riparian proximity
0
0% of assets High+
Land / contamination
0
0% of assets High+
Drought / water stress
5
16% of assets High+

4 · Financial impact — physical damage, collateral & climate ECL

Two channels, kept separate. (1) Physical damage — an Average Annual Loss (AAL) per hazard from a depth-damage × frequency proxy: GHS 73k/yr of expected (mostly uninsured) damage. (2) Market repricing — a forward collateral devaluation that raises stressed LTV and loss-given-default, driving GHS 1.54M of potential collateral shortfall and an GHS 19k/yr indicative climate ECL uplift. A single severe event in Greater Accra could cause GHS 207k of correlated, simultaneous loss.

Indicative annual marginal overlay — not a lifetime/12-month staged IFRS 9 ECL, not a valuation, not the bank's PD/LGD model. All parameters (AAL, repricing, downturn LGD, PD, ~90% uninsured) are illustrative and exposed for calibration — see §Methodology and the gap register.

AssetLocalityBandExposure LTVAAL/yrRepricing Str. LTVLGDShortfall ECL+/yr
RFI09-00019 East Legon Moderate GHS 1.92M 59% 0.1% 0% 59% 5% GHS 0 GHS 3
RFI09-00007 East Legon Moderate GHS 1.83M 66% 0.1% 0% 66% 5% GHS 15k GHS 3
RFI09-00010 East Legon Moderate GHS 1.46M 72% 0.1% 0% 72% 9% GHS 130k GHS 1k
RFI09-00006 East Legon Moderate GHS 1.27M 58% 0.1% 0% 58% 5% GHS 0 GHS 2
RFI09-00017 Odawna High GHS 361k 78% 3.2% 16% 92% 34% GHS 124k GHS 2k
RFI09-00021 Nalerigu High GHS 315k 68% 0.1% 0% 68% 15% GHS 47k GHS 627
RFI09-00013 Takoradi High GHS 331k 63% 4.3% 20% 79% 22% GHS 71k GHS 1k
RFI09-00003 East Legon Moderate GHS 435k 84% 0.1% 0% 84% 22% GHS 98k GHS 1k
RFI09-00003-N201 East Legon Moderate GHS 435k 84% 0.1% 0% 84% 22% GHS 98k GHS 1k
RFI09-00005 Tema Moderate GHS 461k 78% 0.1% 0% 78% 14% GHS 66k GHS 853
RFI09-00005-N202 Tema Moderate GHS 461k 78% 0.1% 0% 78% 14% GHS 66k GHS 853
RFI09-00024 Odawna High GHS 194k 84% 3.7% 18% 102% 42% GHS 82k GHS 1k

Top 12 by exposure × vulnerability. Full per-asset detail is in the CSV export.

5 · Forward-looking scenario projection (IPCC AR6)

How the share of exposure at High+ risk migrates over time under SSP2-4.5 — Middle of the road. Each hazard is intensified by an AR6-grounded factor (Rx1day rainfall, hot-day count, consecutive dry days, sea-level rise) and applied to today's score with a bounded saturating projection — a screening estimate, not a downscaled climate forecast. The interactive dashboard lets the user switch between the SSP1-2.6 / SSP2-4.5 / SSP5-8.5 pathways and 2030–2100, and pull any single asset through all three.

Horizon% exposure High+ High+ exposureCritical assets Climate ECL uplift
Today 12% GHS 1.66M 0 GHS 19k
2030 17% GHS 2.29M 1 GHS 21k
2050 20% GHS 2.69M 2 GHS 23k

6 · Most-exposed assets — ranked register

Top 30 by exposure × vulnerability, with hazard fingerprint, data-confidence flag and the priority action. Hazard chips: Flood Coastal / sea-level Extreme heat Riparian proximity Land / contamination Drought / water stress.

AssetPropertyVuln.Hazards Conf.Exposure
RFI09-00019 GT-276-5933, East Legon
Residential · Greater Accra
Moderate 33 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 1.92M
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00007 GW-297-9214, East Legon
Residential · Greater Accra
Moderate 31 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 1.83M
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00010 GW-768-9672, East Legon
Residential · Greater Accra
Moderate 30 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 1.46M
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00006 GW-448-0699, East Legon
Apartment · Greater Accra
Moderate 32 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 1.27M
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00017 GD-975-9806, Odawna
Residential · Greater Accra
High 61 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 361k
Priority actionFlood exposure here is largely PLUVIAL (rainfall / urban-drainage driven) and is substantially MITIGABLE — this asset need not stay in the high-flood band if drainage is built and maintained. Make engineered, maintained drainage a condition of the facility: correctly sized culverts/gutters, soakaways / SuDS, a raised plinth and finished-floor elevation, plus a desilting & maintenance covenant. Verified drainage works can move the asset out of the high-flood band and protect the collateral — finance them as a green-retrofit loan. Confirm flood insurance in the interim.
RFI09-00021 GA-187-9948, Nalerigu
Residential · North East
High 55 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 315k
Priority actionWater-stress exposure: confirm water supply security; relevant for agricultural / peri-urban collateral.
RFI09-00013 WN-594-8183, Takoradi
Apartment · Western
High 50 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 331k
Priority actionCoastal erosion / sea-level exposure: obtain shoreline-setback confirmation and a coastal-defence statement; treat as elevated collateral risk on long-tenor loans.
RFI09-00003 GW-072-3716, East Legon
Residential · Greater Accra
Moderate 31 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 435k
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00003-N201 GW-072-3716, East Legon
Residential · Greater Accra
Moderate 31 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 435k
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00005 GZ-587-1110, Tema
Residential · Greater Accra
Moderate 28 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 461k
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00005-N202 GZ-587-1110, Tema
Residential · Greater Accra
Moderate 28 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 461k
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00024 GS-341-1943, Odawna
Commercial · Greater Accra
High 65 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 194k
Priority actionFlood exposure here is largely PLUVIAL (rainfall / urban-drainage driven) and is substantially MITIGABLE — this asset need not stay in the high-flood band if drainage is built and maintained. Make engineered, maintained drainage a condition of the facility: correctly sized culverts/gutters, soakaways / SuDS, a raised plinth and finished-floor elevation, plus a desilting & maintenance covenant. Verified drainage works can move the asset out of the high-flood band and protect the collateral — finance them as a green-retrofit loan. Confirm flood insurance in the interim.
RFI09-00009 EN-925-0852, Koforidua
Residential · Eastern
Low 22 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 547k
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00029 WN-998-3367, Takoradi
Mixed-use · Western
High 52 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 208k
Priority actionCoastal erosion / sea-level exposure: obtain shoreline-setback confirmation and a coastal-defence statement; treat as elevated collateral risk on long-tenor loans.
RFI09-00015 GA-242-2000, Damongo
Residential · Savannah
Moderate 36 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 288k
Priority actionExtreme-heat exposure: building habitability/operating-cost risk — recommend passive-cooling / cool-roof / shading retrofit (green-loan candidate).
RFI09-00023 EN-736-1936, Koforidua
Residential · Eastern
Low 20 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 464k
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00001 XW-085-5943, Wa
Apartment · Upper West
Moderate 45 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 184k
Priority actionWater-stress exposure: confirm water supply security; relevant for agricultural / peri-urban collateral.
RFI09-00026 GA-716-3667, Techiman
Residential · Bono East
Moderate 25 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 328k
Priority actionModerate thermal stress: note cooling-cost sensitivity.
RFI09-00018 XW-180-4242, Wa
Residential · Upper West
Moderate 45 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 182k
Priority actionWater-stress exposure: confirm water supply security; relevant for agricultural / peri-urban collateral.
RFI09-00030 AK-340-5586, Kumasi
Residential · Ashanti
High 53 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 153k
Priority actionFlood exposure here is largely PLUVIAL (rainfall / urban-drainage driven) and is substantially MITIGABLE — this asset need not stay in the high-flood band if drainage is built and maintained. Make engineered, maintained drainage a condition of the facility: correctly sized culverts/gutters, soakaways / SuDS, a raised plinth and finished-floor elevation, plus a desilting & maintenance covenant. Verified drainage works can move the asset out of the high-flood band and protect the collateral — finance them as a green-retrofit loan. Confirm flood insurance in the interim.
RFI09-00011 GA-266-7887, Techiman
Residential · Bono East
Moderate 25 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 277k
Priority actionModerate thermal stress: note cooling-cost sensitivity.
RFI09-00004 XW-257-0059, Wa
Residential · Upper West
Moderate 46 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 152k
Priority actionWater-stress exposure: confirm water supply security; relevant for agricultural / peri-urban collateral.
RFI09-00020 VH-935-5469, Ho
Residential · Volta
Low 19 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 308k
Priority actionModerate thermal stress: note cooling-cost sensitivity.
RFI09-00012 VK-731-7105, Ho
Residential · Volta
Low 19 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 281k
Priority actionModerate thermal stress: note cooling-cost sensitivity.
RFI09-00028 GA-936-7347, Nalerigu
Residential · North East
High 55 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 98k
Priority actionWater-stress exposure: confirm water supply security; relevant for agricultural / peri-urban collateral.
RFI09-00016 CC-322-1568, Cape Coast
Commercial · Central
Moderate 46 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 116k
Priority actionCoastal erosion / sea-level exposure: obtain shoreline-setback confirmation and a coastal-defence statement; treat as elevated collateral risk on long-tenor loans.
RFI09-00027 CC-774-4258, Cape Coast
Commercial · Central
Moderate 47 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 110k
Priority actionCoastal erosion / sea-level exposure: obtain shoreline-setback confirmation and a coastal-defence statement; treat as elevated collateral risk on long-tenor loans.
RFI09-00022 VH-531-0876, Keta
Residential · Volta
Moderate 27 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 124k
Priority actionSome water-stress sensitivity in the locality.
RFI09-00008 VK-741-4406, Ho
Residential · Volta
Low 19 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 124k
Priority actionModerate thermal stress: note cooling-cost sensitivity.
RFI09-00025 BA-727-4278, Sunyani
Commercial · Bono
Low 19 FlCoExRiLaDr ◆ Medium · PCAF 4 GHS 122k
Priority actionModerate thermal stress: note cooling-cost sensitivity.

7 · Regulatory & disclosure conformance matrix

How this screen maps to the frameworks a Ghanaian bank must satisfy. Needs bank data / sign-off marks requirements that depend on the bank's own governance, models or disclosure — see the gap register (§8).

Regulatory basis (verified June 2026): the Bank of Ghana Climate-Related Financial Risk Directive was issued November 2024 (under Act 930 s.92(1) and related Acts) and is effective for banks from January 2026 (SDIs/NBFIs from January 2027); it requires disclosure aligned to IFRS S2 / ISSB. ICAG's IFRS S1/S2 roadmap (28 March 2024) is voluntary 2024–2026 and mandatory for Significant Public Interest Entities from 1 January 2027. Confirm the latest text against the BoG primary source before filing.

BoG Climate-Risk Directive

RefRequirementTopicStatusEvidence
Governance Board & senior-management oversight of climate-related financial risk Governance Needs bank data / sign-off Bank governance
Risk Mgmt Identify & assess climate physical-risk exposures across the portfolio Risk management Addressed (screening) Portfolio screen
Risk Mgmt Climate risk integrated into credit risk management & ECL Risk management Partial Finance overlay (ECL)
Scenario Forward-looking climate scenario analysis / stress testing Scenario Partial Scenario projection
Disclosure Disclosure of climate-related risks & portfolio exposure Disclosure Addressed (screening) Portfolio report
Data Data & methodology for climate-risk measurement, with quality flags Data Addressed (screening) Confidence flags

Ghana Sustainable Banking Principles

RefRequirementTopicStatusEvidence
P1 Environmental & social risk management in business decisions E&S risk Addressed (screening) Portfolio screen
P2 Manage the bank's own E&S footprint Footprint Needs bank data / sign-off Bank operations
P3 Protect human rights & vulnerable groups in lending (anti-redlining / just transition) Social Partial Adaptation-first origination + land/community screen
P4 Financial inclusion & women's economic empowerment Inclusion Needs bank data / sign-off Bank strategy — out of scope of a physical-collateral screen
P5 Promote green / climate-resilient finance & resource efficiency Green finance Addressed (screening) Green/resilience-loan pipeline
P6 Capacity building on sustainable finance Capacity Needs bank data / sign-off Bank / sector programme — out of scope
P7 Report & disclose sustainability performance Reporting Addressed (screening) Portfolio report
SGN Vulnerable-sector exposure per the Sector Guidance Notes (Construction & Real Estate) Sector notes Partial Property book maps onto the Construction & Real Estate SGN

IFC SBFN Measurement Framework

RefRequirementTopicStatusEvidence
Pillar 1 ESG integration — physical-climate ESRM in the credit process ESG integration Addressed (screening) Portfolio screen + origination
Pillar 2 Climate-risk management — physical risk identified, measured, disclosed Climate risk Addressed (screening) Portfolio screen + BoG return
Pillar 2 (nature) Nature / biodiversity (TNFD) dependency & impact risk Nature Gap Out of scope — physical climate only; Land hazard is a proximity screen, not a TNFD assessment
Pillar 3 Financing sustainability — green / resilience-lending pipeline Financing Partial Adaptation/green-loan candidate pipeline (pre-eligibility)

ISSB IFRS S2 / TCFD

RefRequirementTopicStatusEvidence
Governance Governance of climate-related risks & opportunities Governance Needs bank data / sign-off Bank governance
Strategy Physical-risk exposure of the lending book & its financial effects Strategy Addressed (screening) Portfolio screen + finance overlay
Risk Mgmt Processes to identify, assess & manage climate risk Risk management Partial Portfolio screen
Metrics Climate metrics: % of exposure at high physical risk; climate ECL Metrics & targets Addressed (screening) Portfolio metrics
Resilience Climate resilience under multiple scenarios / horizons Strategy Partial Scenario projection

NGFS scenarios

RefRequirementTopicStatusEvidence
Physical Acute & chronic physical-risk assessment under NGFS pathways Physical risk Partial Scenario projection
Horizons Short / medium / long horizon (2030 / 2050) exposure view Horizons Addressed (screening) Scenario projection
Transmission Transmission of physical risk to credit loss Transmission Partial Finance overlay (ECL)

PCAF (data quality)

RefRequirementTopicStatusEvidence
Geocoding Asset-level location data with quality scoring Data quality Addressed (screening) Confidence flags
Coverage Portfolio coverage & per-asset confidence flags Data quality Addressed (screening) Confidence flags

PCAF (financed emissions)

RefRequirementTopicStatusEvidence
Scope 3 Financed-emissions baseline for the real-estate book (cross-sell) Emissions Gap Not yet in scope

8 · Regulatory return summary (BoG semi-annual)

The figures a Ghanaian bank files under the BoG Climate-Related Financial Risk Directive — material risk + exposure to vulnerable segments. Parameter set: BoG baseline v1 (2026-06) · seed screen · as of 2026-08-11. Headline: 12% of exposure at High+ risk; GHS 19k/yr climate ECL uplift; GHS 1.54M stressed collateral shortfall; largest single-event loss GHS 207k (Greater Accra). Exportable as a filing CSV.

Exposure by region

RegionExposureHigh+% High+
Greater AccraGHS 8.82MGHS 555k6%
EasternGHS 1.01MGHS 00%
VoltaGHS 837kGHS 00%
Bono EastGHS 695kGHS 00%
WesternGHS 539kGHS 539k100%
Upper WestGHS 518kGHS 00%
North EastGHS 413kGHS 413k100%
SavannahGHS 288kGHS 00%
CentralGHS 226kGHS 00%
AshantiGHS 153kGHS 153k100%
BonoGHS 122kGHS 00%
Western NorthGHS 96kGHS 00%

Exposure by property type (segment)

TypeExposureHigh+
ResidentialGHS 11.18MGHS 927k
ApartmentGHS 1.79MGHS 331k
CommercialGHS 542kGHS 194k
Mixed-useGHS 208kGHS 208k

9 · Gap register — what this screen does not replace

6 of 12 items are reliance-blocking. PortfolioCheck is screening-grade triage that flags collateral for closer review — it complements the bank's credit process; it does not certify it.

#AreaWhat is requiredOwnerSeverity
G01 Property valuation Climate haircuts are applied to an implied collateral value, not a surveyed valuation. The bank's valuation must confirm property values. Bank credit / valuation BLOCKING
G02 PD / LGD models ECL figures use illustrative default PD/LGD parameters. The bank must substitute its own IFRS 9 term-structure and recovery model. Bank risk modelling BLOCKING
G03 Building-level resilience Finished-floor elevation, flood defences and construction quality are not observed unless the bank records completed adaptation measures per asset; absent that, resilience is assumed unmitigated. Survey / site inspection BLOCKING
G04 Adaptation evidence Recorded adaptation measures that reduce an asset's risk are SELF-REPORTED until accepted by the supervisor; they receive no regulatory credit until taken in full once the bank holds evidence (site inspection / as-built / maintenance covenant). The bank must hold that evidence before relying on the reduced figures in a regulatory return. Bank / site verification BLOCKING
G05 Insurance status Whether each property carries valid flood/peril cover is a key loss mitigant and is not in the book; confirm per asset. Bank / borrower records BLOCKING
G06 Governance & disclosure Board oversight, the bank's own footprint and the formal disclosure statement are governance items this screen cannot produce. Bank governance BLOCKING
G07 Scenario calibration Forward views use IPCC AR6 SSP intensification factors applied with a bounded saturating map — screening estimates, not downscaled climate projections. Confirm the pathway and horizon assumptions before external disclosure. Climate science / consultant Advisory
G08 Transition risk out of scope This screen covers PHYSICAL climate risk only. The BoG Directive also requires transition risk (policy, carbon, stranded-asset) — material for a mortgage book mainly via energy-efficiency repricing; assess separately. Bank / consultant Advisory
G09 Nature / biodiversity (TNFD) out of scope This screen covers PHYSICAL CLIMATE risk only. Nature-related financial risk (TNFD dependencies & impacts) is deliberately out of scope; the Land hazard is a proximity screen (Ramsar/protected/contamination), NOT a nature dependency/impact assessment. Assess via a TNFD-aligned process. Bank / consultant Advisory
G10 Social / inclusion & just transition Financial-inclusion, gender and just-transition dimensions (SBP P3/P4; IFC SBFN) are out of scope of a physical-collateral screen. The tool's anti-redlining safeguard keeps credit flowing to exposed communities via a financeable fix (never a location denial), but inclusion is assessed by the bank. Bank / SBP programme Advisory
G11 Price-based exclusion (market conduct) The origination safeguard prevents a location DENIAL, but risk-based repricing/ECL can still price a poor flood-zone borrower out. Price-based exclusion is a market-CONDUCT matter the bank must govern (affordability, conduct rules); the tool flags it but does not cap pricing. Bank market-conduct / BoG conduct Advisory
G12 Refer-resolution audit A high-risk 'Refer for adaptation structuring' hands off to a credit officer who could still decline. The bank must LOG each refer's resolution (offer made / adaptation loan structured / declined-with-reason) and report the split so the anti-redlining safeguard is auditable, not just a suggestion. Bank credit workflow Advisory

Methodology (screening-grade)

Vulnerability. Composite = 50% weighted hazard load (Flood 34% · Coastal / sea-level 18% · Extreme heat 16% · Riparian proximity 12% · Land / contamination 10% · Drought / water stress 10%) + 50% of the single worst hazard, so one extreme hazard that can impair the security is not averaged away (bands: Low <25 · Moderate 25–50 · High 50–75 · Critical ≥75). Each hazard is scored 0–1 from a Ghana location model (SEED) and, in live mode, overlaid with SafeGround (flood / river / coastal / land) and FloodGuard (flood susceptibility), FloodGuard felt-heat (ERA5) and NASA POWER rainfall climatology (drought / water-stress).

Hazard → money (two channels). (1) Physical damage — an Average Annual Loss (AAL) per hazard = max-AAL × score1.5 (building-collateral ceilings: flood 5%; financially supported coastal risk 5.5%). Riparian proximity is represented through flood to avoid double counting; heat, land and drought remain due-diligence scores without a standalone building-damage AAL until a case-specific impairment model is supplied. Hazard AALs are combined across hazards; damage is assumed mostly uninsured in Ghana (~90% assumed — penetration is very low, so the loss falls on the collateral). (2) Market repricing — a forward collateral devaluation = ~35% of the capitalised AAL (cap rate 9%) + an insurability premium, capped at 40%; this raises the stressed LTV. ECL = PD × LGD × EAD (indicative annual marginal): LGD from realisable collateral with a smooth downturn liquidation, floored at 5% (Basel-style, so no LTV kink); PD = 2% base, rising with negative equity (strategic default) and uninsured damage. Not a lifetime/12-month staged IFRS 9 ECL, not a valuation. The single-event figure is a correlated-tail proxy (one severe event hitting all High+ assets in a region at once). Data quality is flagged on the PCAF 1–5 scale (screening is never better than 3). Scenario multipliers are illustrative — anchor to IPCC AR6 SLR / NGFS before disclosure. All parameters are exposed for recalibration against the bank's own loss experience.

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